Psychometric testingof school-age children
Homeless, sheltered children (age 6 - 12) performed more than one standard deviation below general population on tests of:
verbal ability (WISC-revised vocabulary)
Only 30% of the homeless children were reading at age level
Parker RM et al. A Survey of the Health of Homeless Children in Philadelphia
Shelters. AJDC 145:520-526 (1991).